Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Volume 47, Issue 10 , Pages 1125-1132 , October 2008

Global and Temporal Cortical Folding in Patients With Early-Onset Schizophrenia

,Accepted 15 April 2008.

References 

  1. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry  . Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with schizophrenia . J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry . 2001;40(Suppl):4S–23S
  2. Kyriakopoulos M , Frangou S . Pathophysiology of early onset schizophrenia . Int Rev Psychiatry . 2007;19:315–324
  3. Frazier JA , McClellan J , Findling RL , et al.   Treatment of early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders (TEOSS): demographic and clinical characteristics . J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry . 2007;46:979–988
  4. Remschmidt H . Early-onset schizophrenia as a progressive-deteriorating developmental disorder: evidence from child psychatry . J Neural Transm . 2002;109:101–117
  5. Gogtay N . Cortical brain development in schizophrenia: insights from neuroimaging studies in childhood-onset schizophrenia . Schizophr Bull . 2007;29:29
  6. McClellan J , Breiger D , McCurry C , Hlastala SA . Premorbid functioning in early-onset psychotic disorders . J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry . 2003;42:666–672
  7. Hollis C . Child and adolescent (juvenile onset) schizophrenia. A case control study of premorbid developmental impairments . Br J Psychiatry . 1995;166:489–495
  8. Vourdas A , Pipe R , Corrigall R , Frangou S . Increased developmental deviance and premorbid dysfunction in early onset schizophrenia . Schizophr Res . 2003;62:13–22
  9. Meltzer HY , Rabinowitz J , Lee MA , et al.   Age at onset and gender of schizophrenic patients in relation to neuroleptic resistance . Am J Psychiatry . 1997;154:475–482
  10. Fleischhaker C , Schulz E , Tepper K , Martin M , Hennighausen K , Remschmidt H . Long-term course of adolescent schizophrenia . Schizophr Bull . 2005;31:769–780
  11. Armstrong E , Schleicher A , Omran H , Curtis M , Zilles K . The ontogeny of human gyrification . Cereb Cortex . 1995;5:56–63
  12. Welker W . Why does cerebral cortex fissure and fold? . Cereb Cortex . 1988;8B:3–135
  13. Dubois J , Benders M , Cachia A , et al.   Mapping the early cortical folding process in the preterm newborn brain . Cereb Cortex . 2007;12:12
  14. Rapoport JL , Addington AM , Frangou S , Psych MR . The neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia: update 2005 . Mol Psychiatry . 2005;10:434–449
  15. Vogeley K , Schneider-Axmann T , Pfeiffer U , et al.   Disturbed gyrification of the prefrontal region in male schizophrenic patients: a morphometric postmortem study . Am J Psychiatry . 2000;157:34–39
  16. Vogeley K , Tepest R , Pfeiffer U , et al.   Right frontal hypergyria differentiation in affected and unaffected siblings from families multiply affected with schizophrenia: a morphometric MRI study . Am J Psychiatry . 2001;158:494–496
  17. Falkai P , Honer WG , Kamer T , et al.   Disturbed frontal gyrification within families affected with schizophrenia . J Psychiatr Res . 2007;41:805–813
  18. Harris JM , Yates S , Miller P , Best JJ , Johnstone EC , Lawrie SM . Gyrification in first-episode schizophrenia: a morphometric study . Biol Psychiatry . 2004;55:141–147
  19. Narr KL , Bilder RM , Kim S , et al.   Abnormal gyral complexity in first-episode schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry . 2004;55:859–867
  20. Cachia A , Paillère-Martinot M-L , Galinowski A , et al.   Cortical folding abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia with resistant auditory hallucinations . Neuroimage . 2008;39:927–935
  21. Kulynych JJ , Luevano LF , Jones DW , Weinberger DR . Cortical abnormality in schizophrenia: an in vivo application of the gyrification index . Biol Psychiatry . 1997;41:995–999
  22. Sallet PC , Elkis H , Alves TM , et al.   Reduced cortical folding in schizophrenia: an MRI morphometric study . Am J Psychiatry . 2003;160:1606–1613
  23. Wheeler DG , Harper CG . Localised reductions in gyrification in the posterior cingulate: schizophrenia and controls . Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry . 2007;31:319–327
  24. Bonnici HM , William T , Moorhead J , et al.   Pre-frontal lobe gyrification index in schizophrenia, mental retardation and comorbid groups: an automated study . Neuroimage . 2007;35:648–654
  25. Honea R , Crow TJ , Passingham D , Mackay CE . Regional deficits in brain volume in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies . Am J Psychiatry . 2005;162:2233–2245
  26. Shenton ME , Dickey CC , Frumin M , McCarley RW . A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia . Schizophr Res . 2001;49:1–52
  27. Paillère-Martinot M , Caclin A , Artiges E , et al.   Cerebral gray and white matter reductions and clinical correlates in patients with early onset schizophrenia . Schizophr Res . 2001;50:19–26
  28. McDonald B , Highley JR , Walker MA , et al.   Anomalous asymmetry of fusiform and parahippocampal gyrus gray matter in schizophrenia: a postmortem study . Am J Psychiatry . 2000;157:40–47
  29. Antonova E , Kumari V , Morris R , et al.   The relationship of structural alterations to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: a voxel-based morphometry study . Biol Psychiatry . 2005;58:457–467
  30. Takahashi T , Suzuki M , Zhou SY , et al.   Temporal lobe gray matter in schizophrenia spectrum: a volumetric MRI study of the fusiform gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and middle and inferior temporal gyri . Schizophr Res . 2006;87:116–126
  31. Thompson PM , Vidal C , Giedd JN , et al.   Mapping adolescent brain change reveals dynamic wave of accelerated gray matter loss in very early-onset schizophrenia . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2001;98:11650–11655
  32. Vidal CN , Rapoport JL , Hayashi KM , et al.   Dynamically spreading frontal and cingulate deficits mapped in adolescents with schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 2006;63:25–34
  33. Gogtay N , Giedd JN , Lusk L , et al.   Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2004;101:8174–8179
  34. American Psychiatric Association  . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994;
  35. Annett M . A classification of hand preference by association analysis . Br J Psychol . 1970;61:303–321
  36. First MB , Spitzer RL , Gibbon M , Williams JBW . Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition (SCID-P) . New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research; 1997;
  37. Matzner F, Silva R, Silvan M, Chowdhury M, Nastasi L. Preliminary test-retest reliability of the KID-SCID. Scientific Proceeding of the 44th Meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; 1997. Washington, DC: AACAP; 1997;172–173.
  38. In:  Bezchlibnyk-Butler KZ ,  Jeffries JJ ,  Virani AS editor. Clinical Handbook of Psychotropic Drugs . 17th ed.. Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber; 2007;
  39. Kay SR , Fiszbein A , Opler LA . The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia . Schizophr Bull . 1987;13:261–276
  40. Kay SR , Opler LA , Lindenmayer JP . The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): rationale and standardisation . Br J Psychiatry Suppl . 1989;7:59–67
  41. Mangin JF , Riviere D , Cachia A , et al.   A framework to study the cortical folding patterns . Neuroimage . 2004;23(Suppl 1):S129–S138
  42. Mangin JF , Frouin V , Bloch I , Régis J , López-Krahe J . From 3D magnetic resonance images to structural representations of the cortex topography using topology preserving deformations . J Math Imaging Vision . 1995;5:297–318
  43. Moorhead TW , Harris JM , Stanfield AC , et al.   Automated computation of the Gyrification Index in prefrontal lobes: methods and comparison with manual implementation . Neuroimage . 2006;31:1560–1566
  44. Zilles K , Armstrong E , Schleicher A , Kretschmann HJ . The human pattern of gyrification in the cerebral cortex . Anat Embryol (Berl) . 1988;179:173–179
  45. Rivière D , Mangin JF , Papadopoulos-Orfanos D , Martinez JM , Frouin V , Regis J . Automatic recognition of cortical sulci of the human brain using a congregation of neural networks . Med Image Anal . 2002;6:77–92
  46. Ono M , Kubik S , Abarnathey CD . Atlas of the Cerebral Sulci . New York: Georg Thieme; 1990;
  47. Luders E , Narr KL , Thompson PM , et al.   Gender differences in cortical complexity . Nat Neurosci . 2004;7:799–800
  48. Duchesnay E , Cachia A , Roche A , et al.   Classification based on cortical folding patterns . IEEE Trans Med Imaging . 2007;26:553–565
  49. Kochunov P , Mangin JF , Coyle T , et al.   Age-related morphology trends of cortical sulci . Hum Brain Mapping . 2005;26:210–220
  50. Rettmann ME , Kraut MA , Prince JL , Resnick SM . Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of anatomical sulcal changes associated with aging . Cereb Cortex . 2006;16:1584–1594
  51. Mangin JF , Riviere D , Cachia A , et al.   Object-based morphometry of the cerebral cortex . IEEE Trans Med Imaging . 2004;23:968–982
  52. Van Essen DC . A tension-based theory of morphogenesis and compact wiring in the central nervous system . Nature . 1997;385:313–318
  53. Jou RJ , Hardan AY , Keshavan MS . Reduced cortical folding in individuals at high risk for schizophrenia: a pilot study . Schizophr Res . 2005;75:309–313
  54. Hilgetag CC , Barbas H . Role of mechanical factors in the morphology of the primate cerebral cortex . PLoS Comput Biol . 2006;2:e22
  55. Regis J , Mangin JF , Ochiai T , et al.   “Sulcal root” generic model: a hypothesis to overcome the variability of the human cortex folding patterns . Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) . 2005;45:1–17
  56. Federspiel A , Begre S , Kiefer C , Schroth G , Strik WK , Dierks T . Alterations of white matter connectivity in first episode schizophrenia . Neurobiol Dis . 2006;22:702–709
  57. Kyriakopoulos M , Vyas NS , Barker GJ , Chitnis XA , Frangou S . A diffusion tensor imaging study of white matter in early-onset schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry . 2007;27:27
  58. White T , Andreasen NC , Nopoulos P , Magnotta V . Gyrification abnormalities in childhood- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry . 2003;54:418–426
  59. DeLisi LE , Szulc KU , Bertisch H , et al.   Early detection of schizophrenia by diffusion weighted imaging . Psychiatry Res . 2006;148:61–66
  60. Achim AM , Bertrand MC , Sutton H , et al.   Selective abnormal modulation of hippocampal activity during memory formation in first-episode psychosis . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 2007;64:999–1014
  61. Eyler Zorrilla LT , Jeste DV , Paulus M , Brown GG . Functional abnormalities of medial temporal cortex during novel picture learning among patients with chronic schizophrenia . Schizophr Res . 2003;59:187–198
  62. Quintana J , Wong T , Ortiz-Portillo E , Marder SR , Mazziotta JC . Right lateral fusiform gyrus dysfunction during facial information processing in schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry . 2003;53:1099–1112
  63. Rakic P . Neuroscience. Genetic control of cortical convolutions . Science . 2004;303:1983–1984
  64. Molko N , Cachia A , Riviere D , et al.   Functional and structural alterations of the intraparietal sulcus in a developmental dyscalculia of genetic origin . Neuron . 2003;40:847–858
  65. Golestani N , Pallier C . Anatomical correlates of foreign speech sound production . Cereb Cortex . 2007;17:929–934
  66. Fischl B , Rajendran N , Busa E , et al.   Cortical folding patterns and predicting cytoarchitecture . Cereb Cortex . 2007;12:12
  67. Pantelis C , Yucel M , Wood SJ , et al.   Structural brain imaging evidence for multiple pathological processes at different stages of brain development in schizophrenia . Schizophr Bull . 2005;31:672–696
  68. Matsumoto H , Simmons A , Williams S , et al.   Superior temporal gyrus abnormalities in early-onset schizophrenia: similarities and differences with adult-onset schizophrenia . Am J Psychiatry . 2001;158:1299–1304
  69. Narr KL , Toga AW , Szeszko P , et al.   Cortical thinning in cingulate and occipital cortices in first episode schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry . 2005;58:32–40
  70. Szeszko PR , Robinson DG , Ashtari M , et al.   Clinical and neuropsychological correlates of white matter abnormalities in recent onset schizophrenia . Neuropsychopharmacology . 2008;33:976–984
  71. Paus T . Mapping brain maturation and cognitive development during adolescence . Trends Cogn Sci . 2005;9:60–68

 This work was supported in part by a grant (PSYMARKER/APV05137LSA) from the National Agency for Research, France, and the study in the U.K. was supported by NARSAD. Dr. Penttilä received personal grants from the Finnish Cultural Foundation and the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Finland. Dr. Paillère-Martinot was supported by an AP-HP/INSERM Interface Research grant 2003. The authors acknowledge Professor André Syrota for support and the Association of European Psychiatrists (AEP), Neuroimaging Section.

PII: S0890-8567(08)60097-0

doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e3181825aa7

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Volume 47, Issue 10 , Pages 1125-1132 , October 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution