Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Volume 46, Issue 6 , Pages 667-686 , June 2007

Texas Children's Medication Algorithm Project: Update From Texas Consensus Conference Panel on Medication Treatment of Childhood Major Depressive Disorder

,Accepted 1 January 2007.

REFERENCES 

  1. AACAP . Summary of the practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998;37:997–1001
  2. AACAP . Practice parameter for use of electroconvulsive therapy with adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:1521–1539
  3. Abrams R. Electroconvulsive Therapy. 2nd ed.. New York: Oxford University Press; 1992;
  4. Akiskal HS, Maser JD, Zeller PJ, et al. Switching from “unipolar” to bipolar II: an 11-year prospective study of clinical and temperamental predictors in 559 patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995;52:114–123
  5. Axelson DA, Perel JM, Birmaher B, et al. Sertraline pharmacokinetics and dynamics in adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2002;41:1037–1044
  6. Beautrais AL. Risk factors for suicide and attempted suicide among young people. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2000;34:420–436
  7. Berard R, Fong R, Carpenter DJ, Thomason C, Wilkinson C. An international, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of paroxetine in adolescents with major depressive disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2006;16:59–75
  8. Bertagnolli MW, Borchart CM. A Review of ECT for Children and Adolescents. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 1990;
  9. Biederman J, Baldessarini RJ, Wright V, Knee D, Harmatz JS. A double-blind placebo controlled study of desipramine in the treatment of ADD: I. Efficacy. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989;28:777–784
  10. Birmaher B, Arbelaez C, Brent D. Course and outcome of child and adolescent major depressive disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Clin N Am. 2002;11:619–637
  11. Birmaher B, Axelson DA, Monk K, et al. Fluoxetine for the treatment of childhood anxiety disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42:415–423
  12. Birmaher B, Brent DA, Kolko DJ, Baugher M, Bridge J, Iyengar S, et al. Clinical outcome after short-term psychotherapy for adolescents with major depressive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:29–36
  13. Brent DA. Depression and suicide in children and adolescents. Pediatr Rev. 1993;14:380–388
  14. Brent DA, Holder D, Kolko DJ, et al. A clinical psychotherapy trial for adolescent depression comparing cognitive, family, and supportive therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54:877–885
  15. Brent DA, Kolko D, Birmaher B, et al. Predictors of treatment efficacy in a clinical trial of three psychosocial treatments for adolescent depression. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998;37:906–914
  16. Brent DA, Oquendo M, Birmaher B, et al. Familial pathways to early-onset suicide attempt: risk for suicidal behavior in offspring of mood-disordered suicide attempters. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59:801–807
  17. Buchan H, Johnstone E, McPherson K, Palmer RL, Crow TJ, Grandon S. Who benefits from electroconvulsive therapy? Combined results from the Leicester and Northwick Park trials. BMJ. 1992;160:355–359
  18. Carpenter LL, Yasmin S, Price LH. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of antidepressant augmentation with mirtazapine. Biol Psychiatry. 2002;51:183–188
  19. Cartwright-Hatton S, Roberts C, Chitsabesan P, Fothergill C, Harrington R. Systematic review of the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapies for childhood and adolescent anxiety disorders. Br J Clin Psychol. 2004;43:421–436
  20. Cassano P, Fava M. Tolerability issues during long-term treatment with antidepressants. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2004;16:15–25
  21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006). Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars. Accessed January 30, 2007
  22. Cheung A, Zuckerbrot R, Jensen PS, the GLAD-PC Cooperative Group (inpress), Guidelines for adolescent depression in primary care. Pediatrics
  23. Cheung AH, Emslie GJ, Mayes TL. Review of the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in youth depression. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005;46:735–754
  24. Clarke GN, Rohde P, Lewinsohn PM, Hops H, Seeley JR. Cognitive-behavioral treatment of adolescent depression: efficacy of acute group treatment and booster sessions. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38:272–279
  25. Cohen JA, Mannarino AP, Knudsen K. Treating sexually abused children: 1 year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Child Abuse Negl. 2005;29:135–145
  26. Compton SN, March JS, Brent DA, Albano AM, Weersing VR, Curry JF. Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents: an evidence-based medicine review. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:930–959
  27. Conners CK, Casat C, Gualtieri CT, et al. Bupropion hydrochloride in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35:1314–1321
  28. Crismon ML, Buckley PF. Schizophrenia. In:  DiPirto JT,  Talbert RL,  Yee GC,  Matzke GR,  Wells BG,  Plsey LM editor. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2005;p. 1209–1233
  29. Crismon ML, Trivedi MH, Pigott TA, et al. The Texas Medication Algorithm Project: report of the Texas Consensus Conference Panel on Medication of Major Depressive Disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60:142–156
  30. Curry JF. Specific psychotherapies for childhood and adolescent depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2001;49:1091–1100
  31. Curry JF, Rohde P, Simons A, et al. Predictors and moderators of acute outcome in the Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;45:1427–1439
  32. Daviss WB, Perel JM, Rudolph G, et al. Steady-state pharmacokinetics of bupropion SR in juvenile patients. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005;44:349–357
  33. Daviss WB, Bentivoglio P, Racusin R, Brown KM, Bostic JQ, Wiley L. Bupropion sustained release in adolescents with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and depression. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:307–314
  34. Depression Guideline Panel . Clinical Practice Guideline. Depression in Primary Care: Volume 1 and 2. Detection and Diagnosis. Publication No. 93–0550. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Health Care Policy Research; 1993;
  35. DeVane CL, Nemeroff CB. 2002 guide to psychotropic drug interactions. Prim Psychiatry. 2002;9:28–57
  36. Emslie GJ, Findling RL, Yeung PP, Kunz NR, Li Y. Venlafaxine ER for the treatment of pediatric subjects with depression: results of twoplacebo-controlled trials. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46:479–488
  37. Emslie GJ, Heiligenstein JH, Hoog SL, et al. Fluoxetine treatment for prevention of relapse of depression in children and adolescents: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:1397–1405
  38. Emslie GJ, Heiligenstein JH, Wagner KD, et al. Fluoxetine for acute treatment of depression in children and adolescents: a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2002;41:1205–1215
  39. Emslie GJ, Hughes CW, Crismon ML, et al. A feasibility study of the childhood depression medication algorithm: the Texas Children's Medication Algorithm Project (CMAP). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:1–9
  40. Emslie GJ, Kratochvil CJ, Vitiello B, et al. Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS): safety results. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;45:1440–1455
  41. Emslie GJ, Rush AJ, Weinberg WA, et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in children and adolescents with depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54:1031–1037
  42. Emslie GJ, Rush AJ, Weinberg WA, Gullion CM, Rintelmann J, Hughes CW. Recurrence of major depressive disorder in hospitalized children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36:785–792
  43. Emslie GJ, Wagner KD, Kutcher S, et al. Paroxetine treatment in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;45:709–719
  44. Fava M, Rosenbaum JF. Pharmacotherapy and Somatic Therapies. New York: Guilford; 1995;
  45. Fava M, Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, et al. Background and rationale for the sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve depression (STAR*D) study. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2003;26:457–494
  46. Fergusson DM, Woodward LJ, Horwood LJ. Risk factors and life processes associated with the onset of suicidal behavior during adolescence and early adulthood. Psychol Med. 2000;30:23–39
  47. Fink M, Foley CA. Pediatric ECT: an update. Psychiatric Times. 1999;16:63–65
  48. Food and Drug Administration (2006), Clinical review: relationship between antidepressant drugs and suicidality in adults. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/06/briefing/2006-4272b1-01-FDA.pdf. Accessed March 7, 2007
  49. Gibbons RD, Hur K, Bhaumik DK, Mann JJ. The relationship between antidepressant medication use and rate of suicide. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62:165–172
  50. Gibbons RD, Hur K, Bhaumik DK, Mann JJ. The relationship between antidepressant prescription rates and rate of early adolescent suicide. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163:1898–1904
  51. Gilbert DA, Altshuler KZ, Rago WV. Texas Medication Algorithm Project: definitions, rationale and methods to develop medication algorithms. J Clin Psychiatry. 1997;59:345–351
  52. Gould MS, Fisher P, Parides M, Flory M, Shaffer D. Psychosocial risk factors of child and adolescent completed suicide. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53:115–1162
  53. Gould MS, Greenberg T, Velting DM, Shaffer D. Youth suicide risk and preventive interventions: a review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42:386–405
  54. Gould MS, Marrocco FA, Kleinman M, et al. Evaluating iatrogenic risk of youth suicide screening programs: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005;293:1635–1643
  55. Gray D, Moskos M, Keller T (2003), Utah Youth Suicide Study: new findings. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association of Suicidology, April 22-26, Santa Fe, NM
  56. Hammad TA, Laughren T, Racoosin J. Suicidality in pediatric patients treated with antidepressant drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:332–339
  57. Hammen C. The context of depression in clinic-referred youth: neglected areas in treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38:64–71
  58. Harrington R, Fudge H, Rutter M, Pickles A, Hill J. Adult outcomes of childhood and adolescent depression: I. Psychiatric status. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990;47:465–473
  59. Hazell P, O'Connell D, Heathcote D, Henry D. Tricyclic drugs for depression in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;2:CD002317
  60. Hughes CW, Emslie GJ, Crismon ML, et al. The Texas Children's Medication Algorithm Project: report of the Texas Consensus Conference Panel on Medication Treatment of Childhood Major Depressive Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38:1442–1454
  61. Hughes CW, Emslie GJ. Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents. Philadelphia: Williams & Wilkins; 1998;
  62. Isacsson G, Holmgren P, Ahlner J. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants and the risk of suicide: a controlled forensic database study of 14,857 suicides. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2005;111:286–290
  63. Isacsson G, Rich CL. Antidepressant drug use and suicide prevention. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2005;17:153–162
  64. Jensen PS, Youngstrom Y Steiner H, et al. Consensus report on impulsive aggression as a symptom across diagnostic categories in child psychiatry: implications for medication studies. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46:309–322
  65. Keller MB, Kocsis JH, Thase ME, et al. Maintenance phase efficacy of sertraline for chronic depression: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1998;280:1665–1672
  66. Keller MB, Ryan ND, Strober M, et al. Efficacy of paroxetine in the treatment of adolescent major depression: a randomized, controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:762–772
  67. Kowatch RA, Fristad M, Birmaher B, Wagner KD, Findling RL, Hellander JD. Treatment guidelines for children and adolescent with bipolar disorder: Child Psychiatric Workgroup on Bipolar Disorder. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005;44:213–235
  68. Kratochvil CJ, Vitiello B, Walkup J, et al. SSRIs in pediatric depression: is the balance between benefits and risks favorable. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2006;16:11–24
  69. Kutcher S, Robertson HA. Electroconvulsive therapy in treatment resistant youth. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1995;5:167–176
  70. Leon AC, Marzuk PM, Tardiff K, Teres JJ. Paroxetine, other antidepressants, and youth suicide in New York City: 1993–1998. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65:915–918
  71. Lloyd A, Horan W, Borgaro SR, Stokes JM, Pogge DL, Harvery PD. Predictors of medication compliance after hospital discharge in adolescent psychiatric patients. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1998;8:133–141
  72. Lopez MA, Toprac MG, Crismon ML, Boemer C, Baumgartner J. A psychoeducational program for children with ADHD or depression and their families: results from the CMAP feasibility study. Commun Ment Health J. 2005;41:51–66
  73. Ludwig J, Marcotte DE. Anti-depressants, suicide, and drug regulation. J Policy Anal Manage. 2005;24:249–272
  74. Mallinckrodt CH, Prakash A, Andorn AC, Watkin JG, Wohlreich MM. Duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a closer look at efficacy and safety data across the approved dose range. JPsychiatr Res. 2006;40:337–348
  75. Manassis K, Monga S. A therapeutic approach to children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and associated comorbid conditions. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:115–117
  76. Maneeton N, Srisurapanont M. Tricyclic antidepressants for depressive disorders in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. JAMA Thailand. 2000;83:1367–1374
  77. Mann JJ, Apter A, Bertolote J, et al. Suicide prevention strategies: a systematic review. JAMA. 2005;294:2064–2074
  78. Mann JJ, Emslie G, Baldessarini RJ, et al. ACNP Task Force report on SSRIs and suicidal behavior in youth. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006;31:473–492
  79. March JS, Biederman J, Wolkow R, et al. Sertraline in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1998;280:1752–1756
  80. Masand PS, Gupta S. Long-term side effects of newer-generation antidepressants: SSRIS, venlafaxine, nefazodone, bupropion, and mirtazapine. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2002;14:175–182
  81. Mayes TL, Rao R, Rintelmann JW, et al. Do children and adolescents have differential response rates in placebo-controlled trials of fluoxetine?. CNS Spectr. 2007;12:147–154
  82. Molnar BE, Berkman LF, Buka SL. Psychopathology, childhood sexual abuse and other childhood adversities: relative links to subsequent social behavior in the U.S. Psychol Med. 2001;31:965–977
  83. Mufson L, Dorta KP, Wickramaratne P, Nomura Y, Oflson M, Weissman MM. A randomized effectiveness trial of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61:577–584
  84. Nemeroff CB, Kalali A, Keller MB, et al. Impact of publicity concerning pediatric suicidality data on physician practice patterns in the United States. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;
  85. Olfson M, Gameroff MJ, Marcus SC, Greenburg T, Shaffer D. National trends in hospitalization of youth with intentional self-inflicted injuries. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162:1328–1335
  86. Olfson M, Marcus SC, Shaffer D. Antidepressant drug therapy and suicide in severely depressed children and adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:865–872
  87. Olfson M, Shaffer D, Marcus SC. Relationship between antidepressant medication treatment and suicide in adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60:978–982
  88. Patel NC, Crismon ML, Hoagwood K, Jensen PS. Unanswered questions regarding antipsychotic use in aggressive children and adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2005;15:270–284
  89. Pappadopulos E, MacIntyre JC, Crismon ML, et al. Treatment recommendations for the use of antipsychotics for aggressive youth (TRAAY): II. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42:145–161
  90. Pine DS. Treating children and adolescents with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: how long is appropriate?. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2002;12:189–203
  91. Pliszka SR, Crismon ML, Hughes CW, et al. The Texas Children's Medication Algorithm Project: a revision of the algorithm for the pharmacotherapy of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;45:642–647
  92. Posner K, Melvin GA, Stanley B, Oquendo MA, Gould M. Factors in the assessment of suicidality in youth. CNS Spectr. 2007;12:156–162
  93. Posner K, Oquendo MA, Stanley B, Davies M, Gould M. Columbia Classification Algorithm of Suicide Assessment (C-CASA): classification of suicidal behavior and related events in the FDA's pediatric suicidal risk analysis of antidepressants. Am J Psychiatry. 2007;in press
  94. Prudic J, Hackett RF, Muslin B, et al. Resistance to antidepressant medication and short-term response to ECT. Am J Psychiatry. 1996;153:985–992
  95. Quitkin FM, McGrath PJ, Stewart JW, et al. Remission rates with 3 consecutive antidepressant trials: effectiveness for depressed outpatients. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66:670–676
  96. Rao U, Neal RD, Birmaher B, et al. Unipolar depression in adolescents: clinical outcome in adulthood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34:566–578
  97. Rey-Sanchez F, Gutierrez-Casares JR. Paroxetine in children with major depressive disorder: an open trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36:1443–1447
  98. Riddle MA, Reeve EA, Yaryura-Tobia JA, et al. Fluvoxamine for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:222–229
  99. Riddle MA, Scahill L, King RA, et al. Double-blind, crossover trial of fluoxetine and placebo in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31:1062–1069
  100. Rosack J. New data show declines in antidepressant prescribing. Psychiatr News. 2005;40:1
  101. Rush AJ, Crismon ML, Toprac MG, et al. Consensus guidelines in the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59:73–84
  102. Rush AJ, Kupfer DJ. In: 2nd ed.. Strategies and Tactics in the Treatment of Depression. 1:Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1995;
  103. Rush AJ, Rago WV, Crismon ML, et al. Medication treatment for the severely and persistently mentally ill: the Texas Medication Algorithm Project. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999;60:284–291
  104. Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, et al. Bupropion-SR, sertraline, or venlafaxine-XR after failure of SSRIs for depression. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1231–1242
  105. Ryan ND, Meyer V, Dachille S, Mazzie D, Puig-Antich J. Lithium antidepressant augmentation in TCA-refractory depression in adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1988;27:371–376
  106. Rynn MA, Siqueland L, Rickels K. Placebo-controlled trial of sertraline in the treatment of children with generalized anxiety disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158:2008–2014
  107. Scheekloth TD, Rummans TA, Logan KM. Electroconvulsive therapy in adolescents. Convulsive Ther. 1993;9:158–166
  108. Schur SB, Sikich L, Findling RL, et al. Treatment recommendations for the use of antipsychotics for aggressive youth (TRAAY): I. A review. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42:132–144
  109. Shaffer D, Gould MS, Fisher P, et al. Psychiatric diagnosis in child and adolescent suicide. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53:339–348
  110. Simon GE, Savarion J, Operskalski Wang PS. Suicide risk during antidepressant treatment. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163:41–47
  111. Strober M, Carlson G. Bipolar illness in adolescents with major depression: clinical, genetic, and psychopharmacologic predictors in a three- to four-year prospective follow-up investigation. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982;39:549–555
  112. Strober M, Freeman R, Rigali J, Schmidt-Lackner S, Diamond R. The pharmacotherapy of depressive illness in adolescence: II. Effects of lithium augmentation in nonresponders to imipramine. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31:16–20
  113. Strober M, Rao U, DeAntonio M, et al. Effects of electroconvulsive therapy in adolescents with severe endogenous depression resistant to pharmacotherapy. Biol Psychiatry. 1988;43:335–338
  114. Stone MB (2006), Antidepressant drugs and suicidality. Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Psychopharmacologic Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting. December 13, 2006. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/06/slides/2006-4272s1-03-FDA_files/frame.htm. Accessed March 30, 2007.
  115. Texas Department of State Health Services (2005), Children's Medication Algorithm Project. Available at: http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/mhprograms/CMAP.shtm. Accessed January 31, 2007
  116. Thomas JM, Benham AL, Gean M, et al. Practice parameters for the psychiatric assessment of infants and toddlers (0–36 months). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36:21S–36S
  117. Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) Team . Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) randomized control trial. JAMA. 2004;292:807–820
  118. Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR, et al., STAR*D Study Team  Medication augmentation after the failure of SSRIs for depression. NEngl J Med. 2006;354:1243–1252
  119. Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Crismon ML, et al. Clinical results for patients with major depressive disorder in the Texas medication algorithm project. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61:669–680
  120. Valuck RJ (2006), SSRI antidepressant use and rates of suicide attempt among adults with MDD and an evaluation of the FDA warnings on antidepressants and suicidality on patterns of care for MDD. FDA Psychopharmacologic Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting. December 13, 2006. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/06/slides/2006-4272OPH1-13-valuck.ppt. Accessed March 30 2007
  121. Valuck RJ, Libby AM, Sills MR, Giese AA, Allen RR. Antidepressant treatment risk of suicide attempt by adolescents with major depressive disorder: a propensity-adjusted retrospective study. CNS Drugs. 2004;18:1119–1132
  122. Vitiello B. An update on publicly funded multisite trials in pediatric psychopharmacology. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2006;15:1–12
  123. Vitiello B, Riddle MA, Greenhill LL, et al. How can we improve the assessment of safety in child and adolescent psychopharmacology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42:634–641
  124. von Knorring A, Olsson GI, Thomsen PH, Lemming OM, Hulten A. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of citalopram in adolescents with major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006;26:311–315
  125. Wagner KD, Ambrosini PJ, Rynn M, et al. Efficacy of sertraline in the treatment of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder. JAMA. 2003;290:1033–1041
  126. Wagner KD, Berard R, Sterin MB, et al. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of paroxetine in children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61:1153–1162
  127. Wagner KD, Jonas J, Findling RL, Ventura D, Saikali K. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of escitalopram in the treatment of pediatric depression. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;45:280–288
  128. Wagner KD, Robb AS, Findling RL, Jin J, Gutierrez MM, Heydorn WE. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of citalopram for the treatment of major depression in children and adolescents. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161:1079–1083
  129. Walkup J, Labellarte M, Riddle MA, et al., Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Anxiety Study Group  Treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders: an open-label extension of the research units on pediatric psychopharmacology anxiety study. Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2002;12:175–188
  130. Yates WR, Michell J, Rush AJ, et al. Clinical features of depressed outpatients with and without co-occurring general medical conditions in STAR*D. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004;26:421–429
  131. Zuckerbrot RA, Jensen PS. Improving recognition of adolescent depression in primary care. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:694–704

 The Texas Consensus Conference Panel is coordinated and funded by the Texas Department of State Health Services. No pharmaceutical company provided support or was in any way involved with this consensus conference. The Texas Department of State Health Services, the Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, and the University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy receive funding from the Texas State Legislature.The opinions and assertions contained in this report are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.The members of the Texas Consensus Conference Panel on Medication Treatment of Childhood Major Depressive Disorder are as follows: Graham J. Emslie, M.D. (chair), Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; M. Lynn Crismon, Pharm.D. (co-chair), College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin; Joan Barcelona, Ft. Worth; Boris Birmaher, M.D., Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh; John Curry, Ph.D., Duke University, Durham, NC; Cindy Hopkins, family member, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin; Carroll W. Hughes, Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Peter S. Jensen, M.D., Center for the Advancement of Children's Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University and Office of Mental Health, New York; Molly Lopez, Ph.D., Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin; Robin Mallett, M.D., Gulf Coast MHMR Center, League City, TX; Sylvia Musquiz, M.D., Mental Health and Mental Retardation Authority of Harris County, Houston; Steven R. Pliszka, M.D., Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Kelly Posner, Ph.D., Columbia University, New York; Valerie Robinson, M.D., Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock; Susan Rogers, family member, Dallas; Neal Ryan, M.D., Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh; Steve Shon, M.D., Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin; Madhukar Trivedi, M.D., Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Sylvia Turner, M.D., Child and Adolescent Unit, Terrell State Hospital, Terrell, TX; Benedetto Vitiello, M.D., National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD.Disclosure: Dr. Hughes has received recent research support from GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and is a consultant to Biobehavioral Diagnostics, Inc. Dr. Emslie receives research support from Eli Lilly, Organon, Inc., and Forest Laboratories; is a consultant to Biobehavioral Diagnostics Inc., Eli Lilly, GSK, Forest, Wyeth-Ayerst, and Pfizer; and is on the speakers' bureau of McNeil Consumer and Specialty Pharmaceuticals. During the past 3 years Dr. Crismon has received research support from, served as a consultant to, or has been on the speakers' bureaus of the following: Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Corcept Therapeutics, Cyberonics, Inc., Eli Lilly, Jackson Evidence Based Partnership, Janssen Pharmaceutica, McNeil Specialty and Consumer Products, Pfizer, Seton Health Network, and Shire Pharmaceuticals. As part of an effort to help execute the FDA suicidality classification mandates, Dr. Posner has received research support from GSK, Forest, Eisai, AZ Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson, Abbott Laboratories, Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Organon USA, BMS, Sanofi-Aventis, Cephalon, Novartis, Shire Pharmaceuticals, and UCB Pharma. Dr. Ryan has served as a consultant to Pfizer, GSK, BMS, Lilly, Wyeth-Ayerst, Abbott, and Janssen and has received grant funding from GSK and Wyeth-Ayerst. Dr. Jensen receives investigator-initiated grants from McNeil and unrestricted educational grants from Pfizer, Eli Lilly, and McNeil; participates in the speakers' bureaus of CMED, UCB, PsychCME, CME Outfitters, and the Neuroscience Education Institute; and consults with Best Practice, Inc., Janssen, Novartis, and UCB. Dr. Pliszka serves as a consultant to and a member of the speakers' bureaus of Shire and McNeil Specialty and Consumer Products; he has received research support from Eli Lilly, Cephalon, and AZ. Dr. Trivedi has received research support from, served as a consultant to, or been on the speakers' bureaus of Abdi Brahim, Abbott, Akzo (Organon Pharmaceuticals), AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Cephalon, Corcept Therapeutics, Cyberonics, Eli Lilly, Forest, GSK, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Meade Johnson, Merck, Neuronetics, Novartis, Parke-Davis Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Pharmacia & Upjohn, Predix Pharmaceuticals, Sepracor, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, and Wyeth-Ayerst. The other authors have no financial relationships to disclose.

PII: S0890-8567(09)62147-X

doi: 10.1097/chi.0b013e31804a859b

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Volume 46, Issue 6 , Pages 667-686 , June 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution